Bricks and drainage-pipes



UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC C. BRYANT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICKS AND DRAINAGE- PIPES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,326, dated May 31, 1864.

To all u-loin 4it may coa ern:

Be it known that I, I. U. BRYANT, of the city of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Bricks and Drainage or other Pipes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

The nature otl my invention consists in the construction and arrangement of a revolving cylinder over a stationary horizontal screw also, the combination of a roller and temper- 4ing-chamber; also, the end or mouth pieces to form the bricks or pipes also, the elastic and lateral lnotion of the knife.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its operation and construction.

Figure l represents a sectional view of the screws; Fig. 2, an end view of the machine; Fig. 3, a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 4, a sectional view of the square mouth-piece that forms the bricks. Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional views of the mouth-piece that forms the pipes.

A represents the hopper in which the dampened clay is put.

B represents the roller that forces the clay A into the mouth-pieces C, and against the temperingteeth D, that are located on the outside of themouth-pieces C, that taper from the outside case or tempering-chamber, F, toward the center of the stationary screw G. The front teeth, D, are not so long as the back ones, so as to correspond with the outside shape of the mouth-pieces C, that they may revolve near the concave of the outside case, F, and between each of the teeth H that are 0n the inside of the case F, for the purpose of eft'ectually tempering the clay.

I is a head piece that is a bearing for the screw G, the revolving cylinder J, and the outy side case, F. .K is another bearing that supports the case, F, hopper A, and journal of the roller B. The stationary screw G is intended to be permanently fastened inthe center of the machine, and extend the whole or any part ofthe length of the revolving cylin der J. This screw G is similar to a double auger, (but I do not wish to contine myself to the use of a double or single auger,) but it should taper from where it meets the revolving screw L, that is on the inside ot' the revolvin g cylinder J. These ilanges of the screw L may7 extend a part, one turn, or the whole length of the revolving cylinder J, and taper to correspond with the taper of the screw G, a's I deem most effectual, so that the screw L may move in an opposite direction across the anges or the screw G, and be operated either as a right or left hand screw, by making the permanent screw G a right-hand screw, the revolving one, L, will be a left-hand screw, or changing the stationary screw G to a lefthand screw, then the revolving screw L on the cylinder J will be a right-hand one, and thus I intend to work my machine to the right or left, as most convenient or eiiectual. The screw G is supported by a cross-bar, M, at the mouth ot the cylinder when the screw is used the whole-length. r N is an upright bearing for the revolving cylinder J, which has a iiange, P, that works in a groove of the bearing.

Q is a grooved collar on the mouth of the cylinder J, which operates in the upright bearing R, so that the collar can be taken oit' when worn and replaced by a new one, as the mouth of the revolving cylinder J would wear the soonest, and this saves the expense of a new cylinder.

S is a dovetail into which a square mouthpiece, T, (for forming a brick or a round mouthpiece with a mandrel inside and inserted in the end of the screw G for forming drainage or other pipes) is inserted. Both mouthpieces T will have a spring-guide, U, in front, which guides the knife V between its sides, as it descends to cut oft' the brick or the pipe the size or length required. The knife V revolves and operates on a pivot, and is regulated by a spring, W, in front of the pivot to make it spring to its place. It has a balance-handle, X, to give the knife its proper equilibrium when revolving, and two spiral springs, Y, on each side, that give it also an elastic lateral motion, so that in descending to cutoff the cla-y as it is discharged from the mouth'of the machine, the knife is relieved of stiffness and cannot be stopped or broken off. The knife revolves on a horizontal shaft, Z, working ou an upright frame or bearing, a.

l) is an apron in front of the machine, that operates on an upright frame or bearings, c c, to receive and carry off the bricks or pipes a cut off at the mouth U of the machine.

d is the main driving-wheel, attached to a long horizontal shaft, c, underneath the machine, that drives the pinion f, that gears into the cog-wheel g of the revolving cylinder J, which drives the cog-wheel h, located on the shaft of the roller B, by which the roller B is operated. On the outer end of the shaft e is a band-wheel, z', that is geared by a belt to the p alley-wheel j on the sha-ft Z, that drives and revolves the knife V. The band-wheelz' also gears into another friction or pulley wheel, k, that is geared by a belt to the shaft of the apron b, and operates the apron. Thus the machine is geared and operates, so that as the clay is put into the hopper A it is drawn by the roller B into the tempering-chamber inside of the case F, and completely tcmpered, then forced and carried along by th e screw L on the inside of the revolving cylin- 'der J, over the stationary screw G to the square mouth-piece T, where it is formed into a square brick, when bricks are to be made (or by using the round mouth-piece T when pipes are to be made) and eut off by the revolving knife V, the size of the brick required or the length of the pipe required, and from thence carried off by the apron b, all operating with regularity, precision, and great rapidity, thus manufacturing bricks or pipes by the same operation by simply changing the mouthpiece T.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to .secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The placing of a permanent screw, G,

with doublevor single thread, and a revolving cylinder or chamber, J, with a short or long screw, L, in it', with right or left hand screw in either the revolving chamber or permanent screw.

2. Giving to the revolving screw L and permanent screw G the tapering form.

3. The peculiar form of the tempering-teeth D and mouth-piece C, so as after tempering the clay they will force it close to and into the permanent screw G and revolving cylinder J.

4. The application of the two screws G and L, the inside one permanent and the outside one revolving in combination with the tempering-teeth D, with the ease F around the tempering-teeth D, and forming the temperingchamber, with roller B in an opening of the outside case, F, so as to force the clay against the mouth-piece C and into the screws L.

5. The combination of the knife V with a revolving handle and spiral or other springs, to give it a spring and elastic lateral motion, so as to cnt oft' drainage or other pipe and bricks at right angles with the pipe or b1 icks, as described.

6. The mouth-piece T, with one or more openings in it, and aguide U on it for the purpose of guiding the knife for-cutting olf drainage or pipe and bricks, as described.

7. The combination of a round mouth-piece with a forming-mandrel inside of it, and so placed in the end of the screw as to form the inside of drainage or other pipe, as' described.

ISAAC G. BRYANT.

Vitnesses:

J. FnANKLrN REIGART, J onN S. HoLLiNGsnEAD. 

